Прямой оффсет

Материал из Supply Chain Management Encyclopedia

(Различия между версиями)
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(/* Перечень прямых оффсетов OECD, 2005, Measuring Globalisation: OECD Handbook on Economic Globalisation Indicators, OECD, Paris - Glossary. - http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=7260 BusinessDictionary - http://www.bu)
(/* Перечень прямых оффсетов OECD, 2005, Measuring Globalisation: OECD Handbook on Economic Globalisation Indicators, OECD, Paris - Glossary. - http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=7260 BusinessDictionary - http://www.bu)
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(SUBCONTRACTING)
(ЗАРУБЕЖНОЕ КОНТРАКТНОЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВО)
(ЗАРУБЕЖНОЕ КОНТРАКТНОЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВО)
(ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЙ ПОДРЯД)
(ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЙ ПОДРЯД)

Версия 17:53, 2 июля 2014

English: Direct offset


Обычно прямой оффсет определяется как деятельность, которая непосредственно связана с товарами оборонного назначения, самолетами, прочими сложными техническими изделиями, объектами промышленной/социальной инфраструктуры, или услугами, продаваемыми иностранному закупщику и которая осуществляется для частичной компенсации технических и финансовых инвестиционных за трат указанного закупщика.

Перечень прямых оффсетов[1] [2] [3]

Тип прямого оффсета Определения и комментарии
МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЕ СО-ПРОИЗВОДСТВО

(CO-PRODUCTION)

  • Distributed-production arrangement in which different firms (often located in different countries) produce different parts of the same end product.
  • Engines, fuselage, tail-section, and wings of the Airbus, for example, are coproduced in different countries of the European Union; titanium elements of fuselage and landing gears are coproduced in Russia.
  • Coproduction may involve transfer of technology as well as of key personnel, especially in the early stages of the agreement.
МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ ЛАЙСЕНЗИНГ

(LICENSING)

(МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ПРОДАЖА ЛИЦЕНЗИЙ)

  • Agreement whereby an owner of a technological intellectual property (the licensor) allows another party (the licensee) to use, to modify, and/or to resell that property in exchange for a compensation (consideration).
  • The compensation may take the form of a
    • (1) lump sum royalty,
    • (2) royalty based on volume of production (called running royalty), or
    • (3) right to use licensee's technology (called cross licensing).
  • Through licensing of proprietary technology, small firms can earn substantial income from markets that they could not penetrate on their own, and large firms can have foreign affiliates without high financial and legal risks.
МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ СУБКОНТРАКТИНГ

(SUBCONTRACTING) (ЗАРУБЕЖНОЕ КОНТРАКТНОЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВО) (ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЙ ПОДРЯД)

  • International subcontracting occurs when one firm, the prime manufacturer or contractor (“principal”), contracts with another firm, the subcontractor or “supplier”, for a given production cycle, one or more aspects of production design, processing or manufacture, or construction or maintenance work.
  • International subcontracting takes the form of an agreement, purchase order, or any such legal instrument issued under a prime contract (by the prime contractor to a third party the subcontractor), calling for the performance of a defined piece of work or production and/or delivery of specified goods or services.
  • Subcontracts contain special terms and conditions that are unique to the prime contract, and flow-down provisions that proceed from it.
  • The output is generally incorporated into the principal’s final products.
  • Subcontracting can also involve services, particularly studies, accounting, engineering, R&D, advertising, computer services or legal advice.
ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО СОВМЕСТНОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА
  • A contractual agreement joining together two or more parties while one of them, as minimum, is a foreign party related to another(s), for the purpose of executing a particular business undertaking.
  • All parties agree to share in the profits and losses of the enterprise.

Библиографический список

  1. OECD, 2005, Measuring Globalisation: OECD Handbook on Economic Globalisation Indicators, OECD, Paris - Glossary. - http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=7260
  2. BusinessDictionary - http://www.businessdictionary.com
  3. InvestorWords - http://www.investorwords.com
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